02 · WET PROCESSING
Pretreatment adequacy, water quality, liquor ratio, pH, conductivity, dosing, the time-temperature profile and fabric circulation must be assessed within one process record.
Process Objective
The objective is not to hit the target shade once, but to transfer shade, nuance and fastness repeatably from laboratory to bulk while protecting fibre and fabric integrity.
01 · Machinery and Equipment
02 · Critical Process Parameters
03 · Measurement and Control Points
01
Laboratory-to-bulk recipe comparison
02
pH, conductivity and temperature trend records
03
Dosing time, quantity and preparation concentration
04
Fabric turnover time and nozzle-pump setting
05
Colour measurement, shade-nuance and within-batch uniformity
06
Wash, rubbing and end-use-relevant fastness controls
07
Reason codes for reprocessing, dye additions and corrections
04 · ROOT CAUSE
Symptom
Light-dark areas, directional shade difference or local stains within a batch.
Root Cause
Insufficient pretreatment, rapid dosing, unsuitable pH-temperature transition, poor circulation or overloading.
Corrective Action
Check absorbency and residues; slow the dosing profile; verify loading, pump, nozzle and turnover time.
Symptom
Deviation in shade, nuance or depth despite using the same recipe code.
Root Cause
Variation in substrate lot, water, dye strength, recipe scaling, weighing-dosing or process profile.
Corrective Action
Trace input lots and dye strength; lock recipe versions; verify weighing-dosing and compare process trends.
Symptom
Dark-light line, lustre difference or permanent deformation along a fold.
Root Cause
High rope tension, low circulation, unsuitable nozzle, overloading or dwell at a critical temperature.
Corrective Action
Optimise load and nozzle pressure; shorten turnover time; maintain movement through critical zones and verify crease-prevention measures.
Symptom
Low fastness, shade bleeding, hydrolysed dye residue or high colour load in the final bath.
Root Cause
Insufficient alkali-pH or fixation time; unsuitable temperature; inadequate rinsing, soaping or neutralisation.
Corrective Action
Verify fixation profile and final pH; adjust washing steps to contamination load; define final-bath acceptance criteria.
05 · DOCUMENTATION
Reactive dyeing sequence, critical controls and bulk-production approach.
Open Resource →Machine, recipe, turnover, dosing and process-record system.
Open Resource →Pre-start verification of machine, fabric, recipe and chemicals.
Open Resource →06 · PUBLICATIONS
Compares dye uptake, HT tolerance, shade uniformity, fibrillation and finishing decisions across three Cupro blends using a controlled validation approach.
A technical publication covering pretreatment, nozzle mechanics, dyestuff selection, process curves, finish stenter chemistry and cost modelling for Cupro reactive dyeing.
Explains the integrated management of pH, temperature, electrolyte, alkali, liquor ratio and dosing profile in exhaust reactive dyeing of cotton and other cellulosic materials.
Technical Reference Framework
This page does not prescribe fixed recipes or machine setpoints. Final values must be validated against fibre, yarn, construction, machinery, chemical system and customer specification.
Field Image Standard
Requested field photo: horizontal 16:9 view from a 30–45° angle showing an HT Jet body, nozzle-pump circuit and automatic dosing connection, without visible operator or company data.
Other expertise areas